At which level must prevention professionals identify factors leading to problem behaviors?

Identifying factors leading to problem behaviors occurs at the risk and protective level because this framework focuses on understanding both the elements that contribute to negative behaviors (risks) and the elements that can mitigate those risks (protective factors). Prevention professionals engage in a systematic analysis of these components to develop effective strategies for preventing problem behaviors.

By assessing risk factors such as environmental influences, societal norms, and individual vulnerabilities, as well as protective factors like support systems and healthy coping mechanisms, professionals can better target their prevention efforts. This holistic view enables tailored interventions that not only address the issues at hand but also strengthen the resilience of individuals and communities.

Although other levels such as schools and communities, family and peers, and individuals and family are important, they tend to represent specific environments or relationships rather than the broader conceptual framework required for identifying the various factors contributing to problem behaviors. The risk and protective level encompasses these areas, making it the optimal choice for a comprehensive understanding of the influences on behavior.