What strategy is considered a direct intervention for those already facing challenges with substance use?

Indicated prevention is recognized as a strategy that focuses specifically on individuals who are already exhibiting signs of substance use challenges. This approach is characterized by targeted interventions designed to reduce or eliminate substance use among this high-risk group. By identifying individuals who may be at risk or who have begun experimenting with substances, indicated prevention programs can directly address their needs through tailored strategies, such as counseling, education, or support services.

In contrast, primary prevention seeks to prevent the onset of substance use among the general population before any problems occur. Universal prevention involves strategies aimed at everyone, irrespective of their current substance use status, typically in community settings. Environmental strategies focus on creating a supportive environment through policy changes and community initiatives to reduce substance misuse within the larger population. Therefore, indicated prevention stands out as the most appropriate choice for direct intervention for those already experiencing challenges with substance use.