What type of data collection typically involves observation, interviewing, and document review to produce a narrative report?

The correct answer, qualitative data, is characterized by its emphasis on understanding the deeper meanings, experiences, and perspectives of participants. This type of data collection typically involves techniques such as observation, interviewing, and document review, which contribute to producing descriptive narratives that capture the complexities of human behavior and social phenomena.

Qualitative data often aims to explore themes, patterns, and meanings, allowing researchers to gain insights into how individuals experience and interpret specific situations. This approach is particularly valuable in prevention and intervention contexts, where understanding the nuances of individuals' thoughts and feelings can inform effective strategies.

In contrast, other types of data collection, such as quantitative data, focus on numerical analysis and statistical conclusions rather than narrative depth. Focus groups can be a method used to gather qualitative data, but they represent just one specific approach within the broader qualitative data category. Firsthand knowledge doesn't specifically address systematic data collection through observation or interview techniques. Thus, qualitative data stands out as the most fitting option for the type of data collection described in the question.